Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 27
She was friendlily received, and the sisters told her that ever since she had gone away they had had no fire; they were able to make none; and all they borrowed of their neighbours went out as soon as it came into the room.
Who acts: sisters, light, all, fire · What happens: receive, tell, go, have, be, make · To what, where: light, fire, none, room · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sisters, light, all, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 received | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 received | aux:pass |
| 3 | friendlily | friendlily | ADV | _ | 4 received | advmod |
| 4 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 told | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 told | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sisters | det |
| 8 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 told | nsubj |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 received | conj |
| 10 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 told | iobj |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 gone | mark |
| 12 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 16 gone | advmod |
| 13 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 16 gone | mark |
| 14 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 gone | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 gone | aux |
| 16 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 told | ccomp |
| 17 | away | away | ADV | _ | 20 had | advmod |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 had | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 had | aux |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 gone | advcl |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 fire | det |
| 22 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 had | obj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 able | punct |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 able | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 able | cop |
| 26 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 told | ccomp |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 make | mark |
| 28 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 able | xcomp |
| 29 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 28 make | obj |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 went | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 went | cc |
| 32 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 38 went | nsubj |
| 33 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 borrowed | nsubj |
| 34 | borrowed | borrow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 all | acl:relcl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 neighbours | case |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 neighbours | nmod:poss |
| 37 | neighbours | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 borrowed | obl |
| 38 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 received | conj |
| 39 | out | out | ADV | _ | 38 went | advmod |
| 40 | as | as | ADV | _ | 41 soon | advmod |
| 41 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 went | advmod |
| 42 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 44 came | mark |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 came | nsubj |
| 44 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 soon | advcl |
| 45 | into | into | ADP | _ | 47 room | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 room | det |
| 47 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 came | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 received | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | receive | past · passive | light | friendlily property | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | the sisters | light | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | go | past · perfect | light | ever | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | past · perfect | sisters = sister | no fire | away property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Patient | |||
| 5 | is | past | sisters = sister | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | make | to-infinitive | sisters = sister not said here | none | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset none=Product | ||||
| 7 | borrow | past | sisters = sister | of sisters's neighbours | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | go out | past | all | out, soon property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 9 | come | past | fire | the room | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into room=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/15/27/