Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 82
“Let’s all begin singing,” said the Vixen, “and we will eat the animal who has the thinnest voice.”
Who acts: ’s, Vixen, we, animal · What happens: let, begin, sing, say, eat, have · To what, where: animal, thinnest voice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (’s, Vixen, we, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Let | punct |
| 2 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 3 | ’s | we | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 begin | nsubj |
| 4 | all | all | ADV | _ | 5 begin | advmod |
| 5 | begin | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 Let | ccomp |
| 6 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 begin | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Let | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Let | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Vixen | det |
| 11 | Vixen | Vixen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 eat | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 eat | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 eat | cc |
| 15 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 eat | nsubj |
| 16 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 eat | aux |
| 17 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 animal | det |
| 19 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 eat | obj |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 has | nsubj |
| 21 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 animal | acl:relcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 voice | det |
| 23 | thinnest | thin | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 24 voice | amod |
| 24 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 has | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 eat | punct |
| 26 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 eat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let in a quote | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | begin in a quote | present | ’s | all property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | sing speech: express in a quote | gerund | ’s not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | the Vixen | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | eat in a quote | future | we | the animal | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient | ||||
| 6 | have in a quote | present | the animal | the thinnest voice | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/15/82/