Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 9
“Then a red horseman, on a red horse, in a red cloak, overtook me: who was he?”
Who acts: red horseman · What happens: overtake, be · To what, where: Bába, horseman
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (red horseman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 overtook | punct |
| 2 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 horseman | advmod |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 horseman | det |
| 4 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 horseman | amod |
| 5 | horseman | horseman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 overtook | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 horse | punct |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 horse | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 horse | det |
| 9 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 horse | amod |
| 10 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 horseman | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cloak | punct |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 cloak | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 cloak | det |
| 14 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 cloak | amod |
| 15 | cloak | cloak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 horseman | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 horseman | punct |
| 17 | overtook | overtake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 overtook | obj |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 overtook | punct |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 overtook | parataxis |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 he | cop |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 who | nsubj |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 17 overtook | punct |
| 24 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 overtook | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | overtake in a quote | past | a red horseman and a red horse and a red cloak | Bába | who parataxis | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a in a quote | past | horseman | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/15/9/