Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 16, sentence 147
And as soon as he had said this all folk thronged up at the gates of the palace, driving up from all sides, coming on foot, Tsarévichi and princes’ sons, _boyárs_ and noblemen, military folk and civil.
Who acts: father, folk · What happens: say, throng up, drive up, come · To what, where: this, gates, sides, Tsarévichi, foot · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, folk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 2 | as | as | ADV | _ | 3 soon | advmod |
| 3 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 said | advmod |
| 4 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 said | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | aux |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 thronged | advcl |
| 8 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 said | obj |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 folk | det |
| 10 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 thronged | nsubj |
| 11 | thronged | throng | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 thronged | compound:prt |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 gates | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 gates | det |
| 15 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 thronged | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 palace | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 palace | det |
| 18 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 gates | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 driving | punct |
| 20 | driving | drive | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 thronged | advcl |
| 21 | up | up | ADV | _ | 20 driving | advmod |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 sides | case |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 sides | det |
| 24 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 driving | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 coming | punct |
| 26 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 driving | parataxis |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 foot | case |
| 28 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 coming | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Tsarévichi | punct |
| 30 | Tsarévichi | Tsarévichi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 coming | obl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 sons | cc |
| 32 | princes | prince | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 sons | nmod:poss |
| 33 | ’ | 's | PART | _ | 32 princes | case |
| 34 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 coming | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 boyárs | punct |
| 36 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 boyárs | punct |
| 37 | boyárs | boyár | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 sons | conj |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 34 sons | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 noblemen | cc |
| 40 | noblemen | nobleman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 sons | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 folk | punct |
| 42 | military | military | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 folk | amod |
| 43 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 sons | conj |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 civil | cc |
| 45 | civil | civil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 folk | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 thronged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past · perfect | father | this | soon property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent this=Topic | |||
| 2 | throng up | past | all folk | the gates of the palace | vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at gate=Location | ||||
| 3 | drive up | gerund | all folk not said here | all sides | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent from side=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | come | gerund | Tsarévichi | foot | princes's sons and boyárs and noblemen and military folk conj | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on foot=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/16/147/