Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 16, sentence 3
The valiant champion met on his way the mighty knight Svyatogór; and the good youth was afraid of him; the old Cossack, Ilyá Múromets, was afraid of Svyatogór the knight.
Who acts: valiant champion, old Cossack · What happens: meet, be · To what, where: valiant champion, way
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (valiant champion, old Cossack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 champion | det |
| 2 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 champion | amod |
| 3 | champion | champion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 afraid | nsubj |
| 4 | met | meet | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 champion | acl |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 way | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 way | nmod:poss |
| 7 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 met | obl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 knight | det |
| 9 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 knight | amod |
| 10 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 way | nmod |
| 11 | Svyatogór | Svyatogór | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 knight | appos |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 afraid | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 afraid | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 youth | det |
| 15 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 youth | amod |
| 16 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 afraid | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 afraid | cop |
| 18 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 afraid | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 afraid | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Cossack | det |
| 23 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 Cossack | amod |
| 24 | Cossack | cossack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 afraid | nsubj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Múromets | punct |
| 26 | Ilyá | Ilyá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Múromets | compound |
| 27 | Múromets | Múromet | PROPN | Number=Plur | 24 Cossack | appos |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Cossack | punct |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 afraid | cop |
| 30 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 afraid | advcl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 Svyatogór | case |
| 32 | Svyatogór | Svyatogór | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 afraid | obl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 knight | det |
| 34 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 afraid | nsubj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | meet | participle | the valiant champion not said here | Iván's way the mighty knight | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the valiant champion | of Iván; the good youth nsubj; afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the old Cossack | of Svyatogór; the knight nsubj; afraid property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/16/3/