Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 16, sentence 39
Once upon a time there was a smith who had a son six years old—a sturdy and sensible lad.
Who acts: smith · What happens: be, have · To what, where: son
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 was | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 was | expl |
| 6 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 smith | det |
| 8 | smith | smith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 was | nsubj |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 had | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 smith | acl:relcl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 son | det |
| 12 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | obj |
| 13 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 years | nummod |
| 14 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 old | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 sturdy | amod |
| 16 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 sturdy | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 sturdy | det |
| 18 | sturdy | sturdy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 lad | cc |
| 20 | sensible | sensible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 lad | amod |
| 21 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sturdy | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a smith | there | once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | a smith | a son | a old sturdy and sensible lad obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/16/39/