Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 16, sentence 46
From this time forward, the old man, whenever he went into the smithy, always looked at the devil and said, “Hail, fellow-countryman!”
Who acts: man, old man · What happens: go, look, say · To what, where: smithy, Hail · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 said | obl |
| 4 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 3 time | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 time | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 man | det |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 man | amod |
| 8 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 said | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 went | punct |
| 10 | whenever | whenever | ADV | PronType=Rel | 12 went | advmod |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 went | nsubj |
| 12 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 man | acl:relcl |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 smithy | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 smithy | det |
| 15 | smithy | smithy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 went | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 looked | punct |
| 17 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 18 looked | advmod |
| 18 | looked | look | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 smithy | acl |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 devil | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 devil | det |
| 21 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 looked | obl:agent |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 went | cc |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Hail | punct |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Hail | punct |
| 26 | Hail | hail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 said | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 countryman | punct |
| 28 | fellow | fellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 countryman | amod |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 fellow | punct |
| 30 | countryman | countryman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Hail | appos |
| 31 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 30 countryman | punct |
| 32 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Hail | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | man | the smithy | whenever property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into smithy=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | look | participle | the smithy not said here | the devil obl:agent; always property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the old man | Hail | time | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hail=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/16/46/