Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 17, sentence 157
Iván Tsarévich gave him a couple of blows with his whip, and started out against the hostile host.
Who acts: Iván · What happens: give, start out · To what, where: couple, servant
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 gave | nsubj |
| 2 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Iván | flat |
| 3 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | iobj |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 couple | det |
| 6 | couple | couple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gave | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 blows | case |
| 8 | blows | blow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 couple | nmod |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 whip | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 whip | nmod:poss |
| 11 | whip | whip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 couple | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 started | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 started | cc |
| 14 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gave | conj |
| 15 | out | out | ADP | _ | 14 started | compound:prt |
| 16 | against | against | ADP | _ | 19 host | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 host | det |
| 18 | hostile | hostile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 host | amod |
| 19 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 started | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | Iván | a couple of blows | servant | with Iván's whip | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient couple=Theme | ||
| 2 | start out | past | Iván not said here | against the hostile host | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/17/157/