Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 17, sentence 39
Once upon a time, in a certain kingdom, in a city of yore, there was a King who had a dwarf son.
Who acts: King · What happens: be, have · To what, where: dwarf son
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 18 was | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 kingdom | punct |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 kingdom | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 kingdom | det |
| 8 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 kingdom | amod |
| 9 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 time | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 city | punct |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 city | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 city | det |
| 13 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 kingdom | appos |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 yore | case |
| 15 | yore | yore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 city | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Once | punct |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 was | expl |
| 18 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 had | advcl |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 King | det |
| 20 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 had | nsubj |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 had | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 son | det |
| 24 | dwarf | dwarf | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 son | amod |
| 25 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 had | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a King not said here | there | once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | a King | a dwarf son | who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/17/39/