Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 17, sentence 83
The Tsarévich could not help himself, and was forced to give way; and signed the bond to his servant in his own blood.
Who acts: Tsarévich · What happens: not help, force, give, sign · To what, where: servant, way, bond
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsarévich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Tsarévich | det |
| 2 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 help | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 help | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 help | advmod |
| 5 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 help | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 forced | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 forced | cc |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 forced | aux:pass |
| 10 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 help | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 give | mark |
| 12 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 forced | xcomp |
| 13 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | obj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 signed | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 signed | cc |
| 16 | signed | sign | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 help | parataxis |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 bond | det |
| 18 | bond | bond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 signed | obj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 servant | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 servant | nmod:poss |
| 21 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 signed | obl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 blood | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 blood | nmod:poss |
| 24 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 blood | amod |
| 25 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 servant | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 help | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not help | could | the Tsarévich | servant | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | force | past · passive | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | give | to-infinitive | way | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | |||||
| 4 | sign | past | the bond | servant's servant in servant's own blood | vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bond=Topic to servant=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/17/83/