Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 126
“And I looked also at your second son, and there was a cat sitting on his wife, and yawning at the man.”
Who acts: old man, cat · What happens: look, be, sit, yawn
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
| 2 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 looked | cc |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 looked | nsubj |
| 4 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | also | also | ADV | _ | 4 looked | advmod |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 son | case |
| 7 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 son | nmod:poss |
| 8 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 9 son | amod |
| 9 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 looked | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 was | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 was | cc |
| 12 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 13 was | expl |
| 13 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looked | conj |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 cat | det |
| 15 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 was | nsubj |
| 16 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 cat | acl |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 wife | case |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 wife | nmod:poss |
| 19 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sitting | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 yawning | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 yawning | cc |
| 22 | yawning | yawn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 sitting | advcl |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 man | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 man | det |
| 25 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 yawning | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look in a quote | past | the old man = man | at your second son | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at son=Theme | ||||
| 2 | be in a quote | past | a cat | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sit in a quote | gerund | a cat not said here | on cat's wife | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on wife=Location | ||||
| 4 | yawn in a quote | gerund | a cat not said here | at the man | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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