Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 26
In a certain kingdom once there lived a Tsar who had a young son—Tsarévich Evstáfi—who did not love visiting or dances, nor promenades, but only liked going in the streets and walking among the poor, the simple folk, and the beggars, and bestowing alms on them.
Who acts: Tsar, young son · What happens: live, have, not love, visit, like, go · To what, where: certain kingdom, young son, dances, beggars, simple folk, streets
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, young son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 kingdom | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 kingdom | det |
| 3 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 kingdom | amod |
| 4 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lived | obl |
| 5 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 there | advmod |
| 6 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 lived | advmod |
| 7 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 Tsar | det |
| 9 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 had | nsubj |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 had | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 lived | ccomp |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 son | det |
| 13 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 son | amod |
| 14 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 had | obj |
| 15 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 Tsarévich | punct |
| 16 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 son | appos |
| 17 | Evstáfi | Evstáfi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Tsarévich | flat |
| 18 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 love | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 love | nsubj |
| 20 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 love | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 love | advmod |
| 22 | love | love | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 son | parataxis |
| 23 | visiting | visit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 love | xcomp |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 dances | cc |
| 25 | dances | dance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 visiting | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 promenades | punct |
| 27 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 28 promenades | cc |
| 28 | promenades | promenade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 dances | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 liked | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 liked | cc |
| 31 | only | only | ADV | _ | 32 liked | advmod |
| 32 | liked | like | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 love | advcl |
| 33 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 liked | xcomp |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 streets | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 streets | det |
| 36 | streets | street | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 going | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 walking | cc |
| 38 | walking | walk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 going | conj |
| 39 | among | among | ADP | _ | 41 poor | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 poor | det |
| 41 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 walking | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 folk | punct |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 folk | det |
| 44 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 folk | amod |
| 45 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 going | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 beggars | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 beggars | cc |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 beggars | det |
| 49 | beggars | beggar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 liked | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 bestowing | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 bestowing | cc |
| 52 | bestowing | bestow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 32 liked | advcl |
| 53 | alms | alm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 bestowing | obj |
| 54 | on | on | ADP | _ | 55 them | case |
| 55 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 bestowing | obl |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | a certain kingdom; there | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | have | past | a Tsar | a young son | who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | |||
| 3 | not love | past · do-support | a young son | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | visit not said to happen | gerund | a young son not said here | dances nor promenades | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | like | participle | a young son not said here | the beggars | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 6 | go not said to happen | gerund | a young son not said here | the simple folk | the streets | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in street=Location | |||
| 7 | walk | gerund | a young son not said here | the poor | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among poor=Trajectory | ||||
| 8 | bestow | gerund | a young son not said here | alms | on alms = alm | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/18/26/