Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 67
At the advice of the old and evil housekeeper he had commanded a sweet pie to be made for supper and pearls to be mixed in it, for the old hag said: “If it is only Vasilísa Vasílyevna, she will take up the pearls; but, if it is Vasíli Vasílyevich, he will throw them under the table.”
Who acts: horse, old hag, hag, VASILÍSA · What happens: command, make, mix, say, be, take up · To what, where: sweet pie, advice, pie, Vasilísa, pearls, Vasíli · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, old hag, hag, VASILÍSA), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 advice | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 advice | det |
| 3 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 commanded | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 housekeeper | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 housekeeper | det |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 housekeeper | amod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 evil | cc |
| 8 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 old | conj |
| 9 | housekeeper | housekeeper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 advice | nmod |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 commanded | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 commanded | aux |
| 12 | commanded | command | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 pie | det |
| 14 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 pie | amod |
| 15 | pie | pie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 commanded | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 made | mark |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 made | aux:pass |
| 18 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 pie | acl |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 supper | case |
| 20 | supper | supper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 pearls | cc |
| 22 | pearls | pearl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 supper | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 mixed | mark |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 mixed | aux:pass |
| 25 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 made | advcl |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 it | case |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 mixed | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 said | punct |
| 29 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 33 said | mark |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 hag | det |
| 31 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 hag | amod |
| 32 | hag | hag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 said | nsubj |
| 33 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 mixed | conj |
| 34 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 45 take | punct |
| 35 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 take | punct |
| 36 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 40 Vasilísa | mark |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 Vasilísa | nsubj |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 Vasilísa | cop |
| 39 | only | only | ADV | _ | 40 Vasilísa | advmod |
| 40 | Vasilísa | Vasilísa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 take | advcl |
| 41 | Vasílyevna | Vasílyevna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Vasilísa | flat |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 Vasilísa | punct |
| 43 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 take | nsubj |
| 44 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 take | aux |
| 45 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 said | ccomp |
| 46 | up | up | ADP | _ | 45 take | compound:prt |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 pearls | det |
| 48 | pearls | pearl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 take | obj |
| 49 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 60 throw | punct |
| 50 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 60 throw | cc |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 but | punct |
| 52 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 55 Vasíli | mark |
| 53 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 55 Vasíli | nsubj |
| 54 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 Vasíli | cop |
| 55 | Vasíli | Vasíli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 60 throw | advcl |
| 56 | Vasílyevich | Vasílyevich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 Vasíli | flat |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 Vasíli | punct |
| 58 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 throw | nsubj |
| 59 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 60 throw | aux |
| 60 | throw | throw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 commanded | parataxis |
| 61 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 throw | obj |
| 62 | under | under | ADP | _ | 64 table | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 table | det |
| 64 | table | table | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 throw | obl |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 60 throw | punct |
| 66 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past · perfect | horse | a sweet pie | the advice of the old housekeeper | tree rules | |||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive · passive | horse not said here | a sweet pie not said here | for supper and pearls | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: for supper=Asset | |||
| 3 | mix | to-infinitive · passive | horse not said here | pie | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V» | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | the old hag | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | is a a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | hag | Vasilísa | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | take up in a quote | future | VASILÍSA = vasilísa | the pearls | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pearl=Theme | ||||
| 7 | is a a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | hag | Vasíli | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | throw in a quote | future | horse | pearls = pearl | the table | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent they=Theme under table=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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