Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 140
But the old man overbore the youth, and they exchanged.
Who acts: old man, sons · What happens: overbear, exchange · To what, where: youth
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 overbore | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 3 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 man | amod |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 overbore | nsubj |
| 5 | overbore | overbear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 youth | det |
| 7 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 overbore | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 exchanged | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 exchanged | cc |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 exchanged | nsubj |
| 11 | exchanged | exchange | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 overbore | conj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 overbore | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | overbear | past | the old man | the youth | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | exchange | past | sons = son | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/19/140/