Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 18
They galloped into the open fields, let loose the hounds, and sounded trumpets, and began to press in.
Who acts: guests · What happens: gallop, let, lose, sound, begin, press in · To what, where: open fields, hounds, trumpets
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guests), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 galloped | nsubj |
| 2 | galloped | gallop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 fields | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 fields | det |
| 5 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 fields | amod |
| 6 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 galloped | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 let | punct |
| 8 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 galloped | conj |
| 9 | loose | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 let | xcomp |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 hounds | det |
| 11 | hounds | hound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 loose | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 sounded | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 sounded | cc |
| 14 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 galloped | parataxis |
| 15 | trumpets | trumpet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 sounded | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 began | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 began | cc |
| 18 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 galloped | conj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 press | mark |
| 20 | press | press | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 began | xcomp |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 press | compound:prt |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 galloped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gallop | past | guests = guest | the open fields | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into field=Destination | ||||
| 2 | let | infinitive | guests = guest not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | lose | infinitive | guests = guest not said here | the hounds | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hound=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | sound | past | trumpets | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location trumpet=Theme | |||||
| 5 | begin | past | guests = guest not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | press in | to-infinitive | guests = guest not said here | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/19/18/