Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 42
So they cast lots, and the Tsar had to take the first watch.
Who acts: SOLDIER, Tsar · What happens: cast, have, take · To what, where: lots, first watch
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (SOLDIER, Tsar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 cast | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 cast | nsubj |
| 3 | cast | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cast | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 had | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 had | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Tsar | det |
| 8 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 had | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 cast | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 take | mark |
| 11 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 had | xcomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 watch | det |
| 13 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 14 watch | amod |
| 14 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 take | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cast | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cast | present | SOLDIER | lots | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Product | ||||
| 2 | have | past | the Tsar | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | take | to-infinitive | the Tsar not said here | the first watch | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent watch=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/19/42/