Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 70
So a robber took a big knife and crept up into the garret; but as soon as ever he had poked his head into the door, the soldier swept his cutlass round, and off came his head.
Who acts: robber, luck, soldier, head · What happens: take, creep up, poke, sweep, come · To what, where: big knife, garret, head, cutlass
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (robber, luck, soldier, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 took | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 robber | det |
| 3 | robber | robber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 took | nsubj |
| 4 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 knife | det |
| 6 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 knife | amod |
| 7 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 took | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 crept | cc |
| 9 | crept | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | conj |
| 10 | up | up | ADV | _ | 9 crept | advmod |
| 11 | into | into | ADP | _ | 13 garret | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 garret | det |
| 13 | garret | garret | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 crept | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 poked | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 poked | cc |
| 16 | as | as | ADV | _ | 17 soon | advmod |
| 17 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 poked | advmod |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 ever | case |
| 19 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 17 soon | obl |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 poked | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 poked | aux |
| 22 | poked | poke | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 took | conj |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 head | nmod:poss |
| 24 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 poked | obj |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 door | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 door | det |
| 27 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 poked | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 swept | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 soldier | det |
| 30 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 swept | nsubj |
| 31 | swept | sweep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | conj |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 cutlass | nmod:poss |
| 33 | cutlass | cutlass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 swept | obj |
| 34 | round | round | ADV | _ | 31 swept | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 came | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 came | cc |
| 37 | off | off | ADV | _ | 38 came | advmod |
| 38 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | conj |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 head | nmod:poss |
| 40 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 came | nsubj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | a robber | a big knife | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knife=Theme | ||||
| 2 | creep up | past | a robber not said here | the garret | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into garret=Destination | ||||
| 3 | poke | past · perfect | luck | luck's head | ever | into the door; soon property | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.patient»: agent=Agent head=Instrument into door=Patient | ||
| 4 | sweep | past | the soldier | luck's cutlass | round property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cutlass=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | come | past | luck's head | off property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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