Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 91
“Have no fear, soldier: the Tsar is very fond of me; and, if I ask him for a favour on your behalf and tell him of your bravery, he will forgive you and have pity on you.”
Who acts: Tsar · What happens: have, be, ask, tell, forgive · To what, where: fear, TSAR, you, pity · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
| 2 | Have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 fear | det |
| 4 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Have | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 soldier | punct |
| 6 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fear | conj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 fond | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Tsar | det |
| 9 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 fond | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 fond | cop |
| 11 | very | very | ADV | _ | 12 fond | advmod |
| 12 | fond | fond | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Have | conj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 me | case |
| 14 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 fond | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 forgive | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 forgive | cc |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 and | punct |
| 18 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 20 ask | mark |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 ask | nsubj |
| 20 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 forgive | advcl |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 ask | obj |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 favour | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 favour | det |
| 24 | favour | favour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 ask | obl |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 behalf | case |
| 26 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 behalf | nmod:poss |
| 27 | behalf | behalf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 favour | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 tell | cc |
| 29 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 20 ask | conj |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 tell | iobj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 bravery | case |
| 32 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 bravery | nmod:poss |
| 33 | bravery | bravery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 tell | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 ask | punct |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 forgive | nsubj |
| 36 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 forgive | aux |
| 37 | forgive | forgive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 Have | parataxis |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 37 forgive | obj |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 have | cc |
| 40 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 forgive | conj |
| 41 | pity | pity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 have | obj |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 you | case |
| 43 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 40 have | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | no fear and soldier | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fear=Patient | |||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | the Tsar | of the Tsar = tsar; fond property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | the Tsar = tsar | TSAR | for a favour on your behalf | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||
| 4 | tell speech: assert in a quote | infinitive | the Tsar = tsar not said here | TSAR | of your bravery | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||
| 5 | forgive in a quote | future | TSAR | you | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme | ||||
| 6 | have in a quote | present | TSAR not said here | pity | on you | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pity=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/19/91/