Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 2, sentence 97
As he came back an old friend met him who had died some ten years before.
Who acts: carpenter, old friend · What happens: come back, meet, die · To what, where: carpenter
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (carpenter, old friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 came | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 met | advcl |
| 4 | back | back | ADV | _ | 3 came | advmod |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 friend | det |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 friend | amod |
| 7 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 met | nsubj |
| 8 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 met | obj |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 died | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 died | aux |
| 12 | died | die | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 met | ccomp |
| 13 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 15 years | det |
| 14 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 years | nummod |
| 15 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 died | obl |
| 16 | before | before | ADV | _ | 15 years | advmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 met | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come back | past | carpenter | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | meet | past | a old friend | carpenter | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | die | past · perfect | year | who nsubj | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/2/97/