Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 24
In the sky the young bright moon was being born, and on the earth, of the old prebendary, the old pope León, a son was born, a mighty knight, and he was called by name Alyósha Popóvich, a fair name for him.
What happens: bear, call · To what, where: young bright moon, sky, old pope, earth, son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 sky | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sky | det |
| 3 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 born | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 moon | det |
| 5 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 moon | amod |
| 6 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 moon | amod |
| 7 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 born | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 born | aux:pass |
| 9 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 born | aux:pass |
| 10 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 born | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 born | cc |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 earth | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 earth | det |
| 15 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 born | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 prebendary | punct |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 prebendary | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 prebendary | det |
| 19 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 prebendary | amod |
| 20 | prebendary | prebendary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 earth | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 earth | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 pope | det |
| 23 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 pope | amod |
| 24 | pope | pope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 born | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | León | León | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 pope | appos |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 son | punct |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 son | det |
| 28 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 pope | conj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 born | aux:pass |
| 30 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 born | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 knight | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 knight | det |
| 33 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 knight | amod |
| 34 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 born | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 called | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 called | cc |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 called | nsubj |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 called | aux:pass |
| 39 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 born | conj |
| 40 | by | by | ADP | _ | 42 Alyósha | case |
| 41 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 Alyósha | compound |
| 42 | Alyósha | Alyósha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 called | xcomp |
| 43 | Popóvich | Popóvich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Alyósha | flat |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 name | punct |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 name | det |
| 46 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 name | amod |
| 47 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 Alyósha | appos |
| 48 | for | for | ADP | _ | 49 him | case |
| 49 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 name | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 born | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bear | past · passive | the young bright moon | the sky | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | bear | past · passive | the old pope and a son | the earth and the old prebendary | a mighty knight conj | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||
| 3 | call | past · passive | son | name Alyósha xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/24/