Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 30
His father said to him, “Alyósha Popóvich, you are faring into the open field, but we have yet one who is even mightier than you: do you take into your service Marýshko, the son of Parán.”
Who acts: father, Alyósha, we, ALYÓSHA, your · What happens: say, fare, have, be, take, service · To what, where: ALYÓSHA, open field, one, Marýshko, service · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, Alyósha, we, ALYÓSHA), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 father | nmod:poss |
| 2 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 said | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 faring | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 faring | punct |
| 8 | Alyósha | Alyósha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 faring | nsubj |
| 9 | Popóvich | Popóvich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Alyósha | flat |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 faring | punct |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 13 faring | nsubj |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 faring | aux |
| 13 | faring | fare | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 said | advcl |
| 14 | into | into | ADP | _ | 17 field | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 field | det |
| 16 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 field | amod |
| 17 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 faring | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 have | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 have | cc |
| 20 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 have | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 faring | conj |
| 22 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 23 one | advmod |
| 23 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 have | obj |
| 24 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 mightier | nsubj |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 mightier | cop |
| 26 | even | even | ADV | _ | 27 mightier | advmod |
| 27 | mightier | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 one | acl:relcl |
| 28 | than | than | ADP | _ | 29 you | case |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 27 mightier | obl |
| 30 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 take | punct |
| 31 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 take | aux |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 33 take | nsubj |
| 33 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 34 | into | into | ADP | _ | 36 service | case |
| 35 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 service | nmod:poss |
| 36 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 take | obl |
| 37 | Marýshko | Marýshko | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 take | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 son | punct |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 son | det |
| 40 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 take | vocative |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 Parán | case |
| 42 | Parán | Parán | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 son | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 33 take | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | ALYÓSHA's father | ALYÓSHA = alyósha | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | fare in a quote | present · progressive | Alyósha | the open field | you nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | we | one | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | than ALYÓSHA = alyósha; who nsubj; mighty property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | take in a quote | present · do-support | ALYÓSHA = alyósha | Marýshko | your service | the son of Parán vocative | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent marýshko=Theme into service=Destination | ||
| 6 | service in a quote | your | nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/30/