Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 32
The dust rose behind them like a column, such doughty youths were they to behold.
Who acts: dust · What happens: rise
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 dust | det |
| 2 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rose | nsubj |
| 3 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 rose | obl |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 column | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 column | det |
| 8 | column | column | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rose | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 youths | punct |
| 10 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 youths | amod |
| 11 | doughty | doughty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 youths | amod |
| 12 | youths | youth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 column | nmod |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 behold | cop |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 behold | nsubj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 behold | mark |
| 16 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 12 youths | discourse |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | past | the dust | behind youths = youth; like a column such doughty youths | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent behind they=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/32/