Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 65
They fought with their clubs, and their clubs were shattered at the hilts.
Who acts: mountains · What happens: fight, shatter · To what, where: clubs, hilts
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 fought | nsubj |
| 2 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 clubs | case |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 clubs | nmod:poss |
| 5 | clubs | club | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 fought | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 shattered | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 shattered | cc |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 clubs | nmod:poss |
| 9 | clubs | club | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 shattered | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 shattered | aux:pass |
| 11 | shattered | shatter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 fought | parataxis |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 hilts | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 hilts | det |
| 14 | hilts | hilt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 shattered | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | mountains = mountain | with mountains's clubs | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with club=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | shatter | past · passive | mountains's clubs | the hilts | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/65/