Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 72
And as he went on he began playing with that little head, flinging it high up in the air and catching it again on his sharp lance.
Who acts: ALYÓSHA · What happens: go, begin, play, fling, catch · To what, where: head, air, sharp lance
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ALYÓSHA), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 went | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 went | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 7 began | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 began | nsubj |
| 7 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | advcl |
| 8 | playing | play | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 began | xcomp |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 head | case |
| 10 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 head | det |
| 11 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 head | amod |
| 12 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 playing | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 flinging | punct |
| 14 | flinging | fling | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 playing | conj |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 flinging | obj |
| 16 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 17 up | advmod |
| 17 | up | up | ADV | _ | 14 flinging | advmod |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 air | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 air | det |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 flinging | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 catching | cc |
| 22 | catching | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 playing | conj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 catching | obj |
| 24 | again | again | ADV | _ | 22 catching | advmod |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 lance | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 lance | nmod:poss |
| 27 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 lance | amod |
| 28 | lance | lance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 catching | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | ALYÓSHA = alyósha | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | begin | past | ALYÓSHA = alyósha | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | play | gerund | ALYÓSHA = alyósha not said here | with that little head | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with head=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fling | gerund | ALYÓSHA = alyósha not said here | head | the air | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme in air=Destination | |||
| 5 | catch | gerund | ALYÓSHA = alyósha not said here | head | ALYÓSHA's sharp lance | again | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/72/