Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 115
Then Iván got up, covered up the grave, and began to read once more.
Who acts: Iván · What happens: get up, cover up, begin, read · To what, where: grave
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 got | advmod |
| 2 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 got | nsubj |
| 3 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 got | compound:prt |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 covered | punct |
| 6 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 got | xcomp |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 covered | compound:prt |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 grave | det |
| 9 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 covered | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 began | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 began | cc |
| 12 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 got | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 read | mark |
| 14 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 began | xcomp |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 16 more | advmod |
| 16 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 14 read | advmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 got | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get up | past | Iván | then | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | cover up | participle | Iván not said here | the grave | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme grave=Destination | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | Iván not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | read | to-infinitive | Iván not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/115/