Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 25
Then the poor man showed the servant the stone with which he had threatened the judge: “If the judge had not decided in my favour I should have killed him with this stone!”
Who acts: poor man, man, judge, my · What happens: show, threaten, not decide, kill, favour · To what, where: servant, judge, favour, Shemyák
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor man, man, judge, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 showed | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 3 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 man | amod |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 showed | nsubj |
| 5 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 servant | det |
| 7 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 showed | obj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 stone | det |
| 9 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 showed | obj |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 which | case |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 threatened | obl |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 threatened | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 threatened | aux |
| 14 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 stone | acl:relcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 judge | det |
| 16 | judge | judge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 threatened | obj |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 31 killed | punct |
| 18 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 killed | punct |
| 19 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 decided | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 judge | det |
| 21 | judge | judge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 decided | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 decided | aux |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 decided | advmod |
| 24 | decided | decide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 31 killed | advcl |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 favour | case |
| 26 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 favour | nmod:poss |
| 27 | favour | favour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 decided | obl |
| 28 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 killed | aux |
| 30 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 killed | aux |
| 31 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 judge | acl |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 killed | obj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 stone | case |
| 34 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 35 stone | det |
| 35 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 killed | obl |
| 36 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 16 judge | punct |
| 37 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 threatened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | past | the poor man | the servant | then | the stone obj | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent servant=Recipient stone=Topic | ||
| 2 | threaten | past · perfect | man | the judge | with the stone | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus judge=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | not decide a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | past · perfect | the judge | my favour | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | kill in a quote | should · perfect · passive | the judge not said here | Shemyák | with this stone; man obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer he=Result | |||
| 5 | favour in a quote | my | nom favour «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/25/