Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 40

And either from the fact that they were growing poorer, or that they were becoming older, the mother and father of Iván—for this was the name of Nicholas’s son—had become feeble.

Who acts: chest, this · What happens: grow, become, be · To what, where: fact

This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chest, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 fact	cc
2	either	either	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 fact	advmod
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 fact	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 fact	det
5	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 become	obl
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 growing	mark
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 growing	nsubj
8	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 growing	aux
9	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 fact	acl
10	poorer	poor	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 growing	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 becoming	punct
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 becoming	cc
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	16 becoming	mark
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 becoming	nsubj
15	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 becoming	aux
16	becoming	become	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 growing	conj
17	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 becoming	xcomp
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 mother	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 mother	det
20	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fact	parataxis
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 father	cc
22	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 mother	conj
23	of	of	ADP	_	24 Iván	case
24	Iván	Iván	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 father	nmod
25	—	-	PUNCT	_	5 fact	punct
26	for	for	ADP	_	30 name	case
27	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	30 name	nsubj
28	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 name	cop
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 name	det
30	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fact	nmod
31	of	of	ADP	_	34 son	case
32	Nicholas	Nicholas	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 son	nmod:poss
33	’s	's	PART	_	32 Nicholas	case
34	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 name	nmod
35	—	-	PUNCT	_	5 fact	punct
36	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 become	aux
37	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
38	feeble	feeble	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 become	xcomp
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	37 become	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	grow	past · progressive	chest	the fact the mother and father of Iván not said here		poor property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fact=Theme
2	become	past · progressive	chest			old property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	is	past	this			for the name; of Nicholas's son	tree rules
4	become	past · perfect			the fact the mother and father of Iván	feeble property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/40/

🌲 Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 40

The tree

Pragmatics

Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 40