Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 58
The old man at the beginning would very gladly have refused; but afterwards they agreed, and began to live and dwell together, and Iván, in all things, obeyed the old man, and called him _Bátyushka_.
Who acts: alms, Iván · What happens: refuse, agree, begin, live, dwell, obey · To what, where: old man, man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (alms, Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 refused | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 beginning | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 beginning | det |
| 6 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 man | nmod |
| 7 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 refused | aux |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 gladly | advmod |
| 9 | gladly | gladly | ADV | _ | 11 refused | advmod |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 refused | aux |
| 11 | refused | refuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 agreed | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 agreed | cc |
| 14 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 16 agreed | advmod |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 agreed | nsubj |
| 16 | agreed | agree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 refused | parataxis |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 began | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 began | cc |
| 19 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 agreed | conj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 live | mark |
| 21 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 began | xcomp |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 dwell | cc |
| 23 | dwell | dwell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 live | conj |
| 24 | together | together | ADV | _ | 23 dwell | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 obeyed | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 obeyed | cc |
| 27 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 obeyed | nsubj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 things | punct |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 things | case |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 31 things | det |
| 31 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 Iván | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Iván | punct |
| 33 | obeyed | obey | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 agreed | conj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 man | det |
| 35 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 man | amod |
| 36 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 obeyed | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 called | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 called | cc |
| 39 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 agreed | conj |
| 40 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 called | obj |
| 41 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 Bátyushka | punct |
| 42 | Bátyushka | Bátyushka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 called | xcomp |
| 43 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 Bátyushka | punct |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 refused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refuse | would · perfect · passive | the old man at the beginning | gladly property | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | agree speech: agree | past | alms = alm | afterwards property | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | alms = alm not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | live | to-infinitive | alms = alm not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | dwell | infinitive | alms = alm not said here | together property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | obey | past | Iván and all things | the old man | vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme | ||||
| 7 | call | past | alms = alm not said here | man | Bátyushka xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/58/