Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 87
They told the king that a merchant had come to do allegiance, and the king sat on his throne and gave audience to Iván.
Who acts: robbers, merchant, king · What happens: tell, come, do, sit, give · To what, where: king, allegiance, throne, audience, Iván · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (robbers, merchant, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 told | obj |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 come | mark |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 merchant | det |
| 7 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 come | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 come | aux |
| 9 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 told | ccomp |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 do | mark |
| 11 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 come | xcomp |
| 12 | allegiance | allegiance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 do | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sat | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 sat | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 king | det |
| 16 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sat | nsubj |
| 17 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | parataxis |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 throne | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 throne | nmod:poss |
| 20 | throne | throne | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sat | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 gave | cc |
| 22 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sat | conj |
| 23 | audience | audience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gave | obj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 Iván | case |
| 25 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 gave | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | robbers = robber | the king | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent king=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | come | past · perfect | a merchant | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | do | to-infinitive | a merchant not said here | allegiance | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent allegiance=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | sit | past | the king | king's throne | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on throne=Location | ||||
| 5 | give | past | the king not said here | audience | Iván | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent audience=Theme to iván=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/87/