Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 95
And when Iván saw this, he said: “You may take all my goods, but I will not sell my vessel, for therein do I have an old man who is my clerk, and we should not be able to live in the town.”
Who acts: Iván, You, old man, we · What happens: see, say, take, not sell, have, be · To what, where: this, goods, vessel, old man, clerk, town · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, You, old man, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 said | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 saw | advmod |
| 3 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | advcl |
| 5 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 saw | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 saw | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 said | nsubj |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 take | punct |
| 10 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 take | punct |
| 11 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 13 take | nsubj |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 take | aux |
| 13 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 said | ccomp |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 goods | det:predet |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 goods | nmod:poss |
| 16 | goods | goods | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 13 take | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 sell | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 sell | cc |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 sell | nsubj |
| 20 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 sell | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 sell | advmod |
| 22 | sell | sell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 take | conj |
| 23 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 vessel | nmod:poss |
| 24 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sell | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 have | punct |
| 26 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 30 have | mark |
| 27 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 30 have | advmod |
| 28 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 have | aux |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 have | nsubj |
| 30 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 take | conj |
| 31 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 man | det |
| 32 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 man | amod |
| 33 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 have | obj |
| 34 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 clerk | nsubj |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 clerk | cop |
| 36 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 clerk | nmod:poss |
| 37 | clerk | clerk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 man | acl:relcl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 able | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 able | cc |
| 40 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 able | nsubj |
| 41 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 able | aux |
| 42 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 44 able | advmod |
| 43 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 44 able | cop |
| 44 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 take | advcl |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 live | mark |
| 46 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 able | xcomp |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 town | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 town | det |
| 49 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 live | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 take | punct |
| 51 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Iván | this | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Iván | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | take in a quote | may | You | my goods | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not sell in a quote | future | Iván | my vessel | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vessel=Theme | ||||
| 5 | have in a quote | present · do-support | Iván | a old man | therein property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | |||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | a old man | my clerk | my nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 7 | not is in a quote | should | we | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | live in a quote | to-infinitive | we not said here | the town | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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