Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 135
Now, potter, were there any geese flying over Russia?
Who acts: potter, geese · What happens: be, fly · To what, where: Russia
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (potter, geese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 were | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Now | punct |
| 3 | potter | potter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 were | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 potter | punct |
| 5 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 were | expl |
| 7 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 geese | det |
| 8 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 were | nsubj |
| 9 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 geese | acl |
| 10 | over | over | ADP | _ | 11 Russia | case |
| 11 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 flying | obl |
| 12 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | potter | there | now | any geese nsubj | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||
| 2 | fly | gerund | any geese not said here | Russia | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over russia=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/22/135/