Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 139
In a distant country, a country far away, once there lived a Tsar and Tsarítsa, who had a son, Iván Tsarévich, who was dumb from his birth.
Who acts: Tsar, son · What happens: live, have, be · To what, where: distant country, son, birth
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 country | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 country | det |
| 3 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 country | amod |
| 4 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 lived | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 country | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 country | det |
| 7 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 country | conj |
| 8 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 away | advmod |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 7 country | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 country | punct |
| 11 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 12 there | advmod |
| 12 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 lived | advmod |
| 13 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 Tsar | det |
| 15 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 had | nsubj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 Tsarítsa | cc |
| 17 | Tsarítsa | Tsarítsa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Tsar | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 had | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 had | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 lived | ccomp |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 son | det |
| 22 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 had | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Iván | punct |
| 24 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 son | appos |
| 25 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Iván | flat |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 dumb | punct |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 dumb | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 dumb | cop |
| 29 | dumb | dumb | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 son | amod |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 birth | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 birth | nmod:poss |
| 32 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 dumb | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | a distant country and a country; there | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | have | past | a Tsar and Tsarítsa | a son | who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | |||
| 3 | is | past | a son | Tsar's birth | dumb property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/22/139/