Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 17
And Iván threw the ball covered with hair at her, and she nibbled and gnawed at it.
Who acts: Iván, Heaven · What happens: throw, cover, nibble, gnaw · To what, where: ball
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, Heaven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 threw | cc |
| 2 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | nsubj |
| 3 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 ball | det |
| 5 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obj |
| 6 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 ball | acl |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 hair | case |
| 8 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 covered | obl |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 her | case |
| 10 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 covered | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 nibbled | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 nibbled | cc |
| 13 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 nibbled | nsubj |
| 14 | nibbled | nibble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 threw | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 gnawed | cc |
| 16 | gnawed | gnaw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 nibbled | conj |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 it | case |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 gnawed | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | past | Iván | the ball | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme | ||||
| 2 | cover | participle | the ball not said here | with hair; at Heaven | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with hair=Theme | ||||
| 3 | nibble | past | Heaven | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | gnaw | participle | Heaven not said here | at hair | vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/22/17/