Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 4
And Iván went to the old man and told him what had happened in the church by night.
Who acts: Iván · What happens: go, tell, happen · To what, where: Iván, church · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 went | cc |
| 2 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 man | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 man | det |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 man | amod |
| 7 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 told | cc |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 told | iobj |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 happened | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 happened | aux |
| 13 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 told | ccomp |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 church | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 church | det |
| 16 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 happened | obl |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 night | case |
| 18 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 happened | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Iván | to the old man | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to man=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | Iván not said here | Iván | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | happen | past · perfect | the church | night | what nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in church=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/22/4/