Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 12
So he threw the comb into the field, and then there rustled out of the earth a thick oak forest, every tree thicker than the other.
Who acts: Iván · What happens: throw, rustle · To what, where: comb, field, thick oak forest, earth
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 threw | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 threw | nsubj |
| 3 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 comb | det |
| 5 | comb | comb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 field | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 field | det |
| 8 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 rustled | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 rustled | cc |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 rustled | advmod |
| 12 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 rustled | advmod |
| 13 | rustled | rustle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 threw | conj |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 earth | case |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 earth | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 earth | det |
| 17 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 rustled | obl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 forest | det |
| 19 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 forest | amod |
| 20 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 forest | compound |
| 21 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 rustled | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 thicker | punct |
| 23 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 tree | det |
| 24 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 thicker | nsubj |
| 25 | thicker | thick | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 threw | parataxis |
| 26 | than | than | ADP | _ | 28 other | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 other | det |
| 28 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 thicker | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | past | Iván | the comb | into the field result | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer comb=Theme into field=Result | |||
| 2 | rustle | past | Iván not said here | a thick oak forest | the earth; there | then | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out earth=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/12/