Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 98
Ólga Tsarévna at once came to meet him, began kissing and welcoming him, asking how he was, and they told of all they had lived and done.
Who acts: Ólga, Iván, oaks · What happens: come, meet, begin, kiss, welcome, ask · To what, where: Iván · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ólga, Iván, oaks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ólga | Ólga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 came | nsubj |
| 2 | Tsarévna | Tsarévna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Ólga | flat |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 once | case |
| 4 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 came | obl |
| 5 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 meet | mark |
| 7 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 came | xcomp |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 meet | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 began | punct |
| 10 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 came | conj |
| 11 | kissing | kiss | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 began | xcomp |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 welcoming | cc |
| 13 | welcoming | welcome | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 kissing | conj |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 welcoming | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 asking | punct |
| 16 | asking | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 kissing | conj |
| 17 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 was | advmod |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 was | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 asking | ccomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 told | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 told | cc |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 told | nsubj |
| 23 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 came | conj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 all | case |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 told | obl |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 lived | nsubj |
| 27 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 lived | aux |
| 28 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 told | ccomp |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 done | cc |
| 30 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 lived | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Ólga | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | meet | to-infinitive | Ólga not said here | Iván | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | Ólga not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | kiss | gerund | Ólga not said here | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | welcome | gerund | Ólga not said here | Iván | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 6 | ask speech: ask | gerund | Ólga not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | be | past | Iván | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | tell speech: assert | past | oaks = oak | of all | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 9 | live | past · perfect | oaks = oak | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 10 | do | participle | oaks = oak not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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