Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 48
Round the house there were twelve poles, and on eleven of the poles there were the skulls of men: only one as yet was untenanted.
Who acts: twelve poles · What happens: be, untenant · To what, where: eleven
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twelve poles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Round | round | ADP | _ | 3 house | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 house | det |
| 3 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 were | obl |
| 4 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 were | expl |
| 5 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 poles | nummod |
| 7 | poles | pole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 were | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 eleven | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 eleven | cc |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 eleven | case |
| 11 | eleven | eleven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 were | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 poles | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 poles | det |
| 14 | poles | pole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 eleven | nmod |
| 15 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 16 were | expl |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 poles | acl:relcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 skulls | det |
| 18 | skulls | skull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 were | nsubj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 men | case |
| 20 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 skulls | nmod |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 one | punct |
| 22 | only | only | ADV | _ | 23 one | advmod |
| 23 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 were | nsubj |
| 24 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 untenanted | mark |
| 25 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 27 untenanted | advmod |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 untenanted | aux:pass |
| 27 | untenanted | untenant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 one | acl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | twelve poles | eleven of the poles; there | round the house; one nsubj | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on eleven=Location | |||
| 2 | untenant | past · passive | yet | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/24/48/