Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 61
“Why should we not come home? the birds flew down from every quarter of the sky and almost clawed out our eyes.”
Who acts: we, birds · What happens: not come, fly down, claw out · To what, where: quarter, eyes · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 come | punct |
| 2 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 come | advmod |
| 3 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 come | aux |
| 4 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 come | nsubj |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 come | advmod |
| 6 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 flew | ccomp |
| 7 | home | home | ADV | _ | 6 come | advmod |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 come | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 birds | det |
| 10 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 flew | nsubj |
| 11 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | down | down | ADV | _ | 11 flew | advmod |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 quarter | case |
| 14 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 quarter | det |
| 15 | quarter | quarter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 flew | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 sky | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 sky | det |
| 18 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 quarter | nmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 clawed | cc |
| 20 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 21 clawed | advmod |
| 21 | clawed | claw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 flew | conj |
| 22 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 clawed | compound:prt |
| 23 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 24 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 clawed | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 flew | punct |
| 26 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 flew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not come in a quote | should | we | home property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | fly down in a quote | past | the birds | every quarter of the sky | down property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | claw out in a quote | participle | the birds not said here | our eyes | almost property | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/24/61/