Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 7
Koshchéy leaped on his horse, caught up Iván Tsarévich, and said, “I said you were not to see anything more of Márya Moryévna!” and he took her away with him.
Who acts: Koshchéy, I, you · What happens: leap, catch up, say, not see, take away · To what, where: Iván, anything · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koshchéy, I, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Koshchéy | Koshchéy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | nsubj |
| 2 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 horse | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 horse | nmod:poss |
| 5 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 caught | punct |
| 7 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 leaped | parataxis |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 caught | compound:prt |
| 9 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 caught | obl |
| 10 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Iván | flat |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 said | cc |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaped | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 said | nsubj |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 said | ccomp |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 see | nsubj |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 see | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 see | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 see | mark |
| 22 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 said | ccomp |
| 23 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 22 see | obj |
| 24 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 anything | amod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Moryévna | case |
| 26 | Márya | Márya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Moryévna | compound |
| 27 | Moryévna | Moryévna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 more | obl |
| 28 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 22 see | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 see | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 took | cc |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 took | nsubj |
| 32 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 said | conj |
| 33 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 took | obj |
| 34 | away | away | ADV | _ | 32 took | advmod |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 him | case |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 took | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 leaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | past | Koshchéy | on Koshchéy's horse | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on horse=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | catch up | participle | Iván | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | say speech: express | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 4 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | I | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not see in a quote | past | you | anything | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | take away | past | Koshchéy | Iván | with horse; away property | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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