Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 11
Suddenly it seemed to him as though some one had come up the steps.
Who acts: it, one · What happens: seem, come up · To what, where: soldier, steps
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 3 seemed | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 seemed | nsubj |
| 3 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 seemed | obl |
| 6 | as | as | ADV | _ | 3 seemed | advmod |
| 7 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 11 come | mark |
| 8 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 9 one | det |
| 9 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 come | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 come | aux |
| 11 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 seemed | xcomp |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 14 steps | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 steps | det |
| 14 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 come | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 seemed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seem | past | it | soldier | suddenly property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||
| 2 | come up | past · perfect | some one | the steps | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location step=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/11/