Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 117
The bones ran up to the loft and asked: “What is there up there?”
Who acts: bones · What happens: run up, ask, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bones | det |
| 2 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 ran | nsubj |
| 3 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 ran | compound:prt |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 loft | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 loft | det |
| 7 | loft | loft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ran | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 asked | cc |
| 9 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 ran | conj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 12 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 is | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 ran | parataxis |
| 14 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 13 is | expl |
| 15 | up | up | ADV | _ | 16 there | advmod |
| 16 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 is | advmod |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 13 is | punct |
| 18 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run up | past | the bones | to the loft | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | the bones not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | be in a quote | present | there; there | What nsubj | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/117/