Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 27
Soon it became dark, and he took the book and began reading it.
Who acts: suffering, soldier · What happens: become, take, begin, read · To what, where: book
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (suffering, soldier), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 became | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 became | xcomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 took | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 took | cc |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 took | nsubj |
| 8 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 became | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 book | det |
| 10 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 took | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 began | cc |
| 12 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 took | conj |
| 13 | reading | read | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 began | xcomp |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 reading | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | suffering | dark, soon property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | take | past | soldier | the book | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | soldier not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | read | gerund | soldier not said here | book | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/27/