Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 26, sentence 94
My field was ravaged by hail, so he intervened, _bátyushka_, and gave me a crop twice as good.”
Who acts: hail, NICHOLAS · What happens: ravage, intervene, give · To what, where: field, bátyushka, crop, me
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hail, NICHOLAS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 field | nmod:poss |
| 2 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ravaged | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ravaged | aux:pass |
| 4 | ravaged | ravage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 hail | case |
| 6 | hail | hail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ravaged | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 intervened | punct |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 intervened | advmod |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 intervened | nsubj |
| 10 | intervened | intervene | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ravaged | parataxis |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 bátyushka | punct |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 bátyushka | punct |
| 13 | bátyushka | bátyushka | X | Foreign=Yes | 10 intervened | obj |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 bátyushka | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 gave | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 gave | cc |
| 17 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 intervened | conj |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 gave | iobj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 crop | det |
| 20 | crop | crop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gave | obj |
| 21 | twice | twice | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 23 good | advmod |
| 22 | as | as | ADV | _ | 23 good | advmod |
| 23 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 gave | advcl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ravaged | punct |
| 25 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 ravaged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ravage | past · passive | hail | My field | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | intervene | past | NICHOLAS | bátyushka | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | give | past | NICHOLAS not said here | a crop | me | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient crop=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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