Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 27, sentence 119
Once upon a time there were three brothers in a family; the eldest was called the Ram, the second the Goat, and the third and youngest Chufíl-Fílyushka.
Who acts: three brothers · What happens: be, call · To what, where: eldest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 27. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three brothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 were | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 were | expl |
| 6 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 brothers | nummod |
| 8 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 were | nsubj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 family | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 family | det |
| 11 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 brothers | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 called | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 eldest | det |
| 14 | eldest | eld | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 called | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 called | aux:pass |
| 16 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 were | parataxis |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Ram | det |
| 18 | Ram | Ram | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 called | xcomp |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Goat | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 second | det |
| 21 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 23 Goat | amod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Goat | det |
| 23 | Goat | Goat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Ram | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 third | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 third | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 third | det |
| 27 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 16 called | conj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 youngest | cc |
| 29 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 27 third | obl |
| 30 | Chufíl | Chufíl | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Fílyushka | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 Chufíl | punct |
| 32 | Fílyushka | Fílyushka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 youngest | appos |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | three brothers in a family | there | once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | call | past · passive | the eldest | the Ram and the second Goat xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/27/119/