Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 27, sentence 89
But when they saw that this time it was Iváshko Zapéchnik who sat on it, they began to reflect: “If we let him out perhaps he will not give us any of the maidens.”
Who acts: brothers, ladder, Iváshko, we · What happens: see, be, sit, begin, reflect, let out · To what, where: Iváshko, ladder, any, us
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 27. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brothers, ladder, Iváshko, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 saw | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 saw | advmod |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 time | mark |
| 6 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 time | det |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 saw | obj |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 Iváshko | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 Iváshko | cop |
| 10 | Iváshko | Iváshko | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 time | appos |
| 11 | Zapéchnik | Zapéchnik | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Iváshko | flat |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 sat | nsubj |
| 13 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 Iváshko | acl:relcl |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 sat | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 began | punct |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 began | nsubj |
| 18 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 saw | conj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 reflect | mark |
| 20 | reflect | reflect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 began | xcomp |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 let | punct |
| 22 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 let | punct |
| 23 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 25 let | mark |
| 24 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 let | nsubj |
| 25 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 began | parataxis |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 let | obj |
| 27 | out | out | ADP | _ | 25 let | compound:prt |
| 28 | perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 32 give | advmod |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 give | nsubj |
| 30 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 give | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 give | advmod |
| 32 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 let | xcomp |
| 33 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 give | iobj |
| 34 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 32 give | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 maidens | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 maidens | det |
| 37 | maidens | maiden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 any | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 saw | punct |
| 39 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | brothers = brother | time | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | ladder | Iváshko | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sit | past | Iváshko | ladder | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on it=Location | ||||
| 4 | begin | past | brothers = brother | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | reflect | to-infinitive | brothers = brother not said here | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | let out a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | we | Iváshko | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | not give in a quote | future | Iváshko | any of the maidens | us | perhaps property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient any=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/27/89/