Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 27, sentence 92
He went down farther, and he then came across a tiny old man, who sat on a tree stem and had a long white beard.
Who acts: Iváshko, tiny old man · What happens: go down, come, sit, have · To what, where: tree stem, long white beard
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 27. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iváshko, tiny old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 went | advmod |
| 4 | farther | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 2 went | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 came | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 came | cc |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 came | nsubj |
| 8 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 came | advmod |
| 9 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 10 | across | across | ADP | _ | 14 man | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 12 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 13 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 came | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sat | punct |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 sat | nsubj |
| 17 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 man | acl:relcl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 stem | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 stem | det |
| 20 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 stem | compound |
| 21 | stem | stem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sat | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 had | cc |
| 23 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sat | conj |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 beard | det |
| 25 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 beard | amod |
| 26 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 beard | amod |
| 27 | beard | beard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 had | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go down | past | Iváshko | down, far property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | come | past | Iváshko | then | across a tiny old man | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across man=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | sit | past | a tiny old man | a tree stem | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on stem=Location | ||||
| 4 | have | past | a tiny old man not said here | a long white beard | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beard=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/27/92/