Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 10
But little Chufíl was not frightened, and when the Yagá-Búra, gnashing her teeth, stamping on the ground, had got up to the ceiling, he just got hold of the pestle and with all his might struck her on the forehead, and down she flopped.
Who acts: Yagá Búra, Chufíl, Búra · What happens: not frighten, gnash, stamp, get up, get, strike · To what, where: little Chufíl, teeth, ground, hold, Búra, pestle
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yagá Búra, Chufíl, Búra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 6 frightened | cc |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Chufíl | amod |
| 3 | Chufíl | Chufíl | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 frightened | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 frightened | aux:pass |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 frightened | advmod |
| 6 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 gnashing | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 gnashing | cc |
| 9 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 gnashing | advmod |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Búra | det |
| 11 | Yagá | Yagá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Búra | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 Yagá | punct |
| 13 | Búra | Búra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 gnashing | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 gnashing | punct |
| 15 | gnashing | gnash | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 frightened | advcl |
| 16 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 17 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 gnashing | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stamping | punct |
| 19 | stamping | stamp | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 gnashing | conj |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 ground | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 ground | det |
| 22 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stamping | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 got | punct |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 got | aux |
| 25 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 frightened | conj |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 got | compound:prt |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 ceiling | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 ceiling | det |
| 29 | ceiling | ceiling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 got | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 got | punct |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 got | nsubj |
| 32 | just | just | ADV | _ | 33 got | advmod |
| 33 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 frightened | parataxis |
| 34 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 got | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 pestle | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 pestle | det |
| 37 | pestle | pestle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hold | nmod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 struck | cc |
| 39 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 43 struck | mark |
| 40 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 43 struck | det:predet |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 struck | nmod:poss |
| 42 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 struck | aux |
| 43 | struck | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 got | conj |
| 44 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 struck | obj |
| 45 | on | on | ADP | _ | 47 forehead | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 forehead | det |
| 47 | forehead | forehead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 struck | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 flopped | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 flopped | cc |
| 50 | down | down | ADV | _ | 52 flopped | advmod |
| 51 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 flopped | nsubj |
| 52 | flopped | flop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 got | conj |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 frightened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not frighten | past · passive | little Chufíl | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | gnash | gerund | the Yagá Búra | Búra's teeth | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | ||||
| 3 | stamp | gerund | the Yagá Búra not said here | the ground | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent on ground=Destination | ||||
| 4 | get up | past · perfect | to the ceiling result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to ceiling=Result | |||||
| 5 | get | past | Chufíl | hold of the pestle | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hold=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | strike | might | Chufíl not said here | Búra | on the forehead; Chufíl nmod:poss | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent she=Instrument on forehead=Patient | |||
| 7 | flop | past | Búra | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | hold | the pestle | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/10/