Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 104
Very soon the son of the King of the Arabs began asking for the hand of the youngest daughter, and he wrote to the King with threats such as this, “If you do not give her to me of your good will, I will take her by force.”
Who acts: son, King, you · What happens: begin, ask, write, not give, take · To what, where: King, daughter · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, King, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very | very | ADV | _ | 2 soon | advmod |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 began | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 son | det |
| 4 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 began | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 King | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 King | det |
| 7 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 son | nmod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Arabs | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Arabs | det |
| 10 | Arabs | Arab | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 King | nmod |
| 11 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | asking | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 began | xcomp |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 hand | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 hand | det |
| 15 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 asking | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 daughter | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 daughter | det |
| 18 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 19 daughter | amod |
| 19 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hand | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 wrote | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 wrote | cc |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 wrote | nsubj |
| 23 | wrote | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 began | parataxis |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 King | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 King | det |
| 26 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 wrote | obl |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 threats | case |
| 28 | threats | threat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 wrote | obl |
| 29 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 31 this | case |
| 30 | as | as | ADP | _ | 29 such | fixed |
| 31 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 threats | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 give | punct |
| 33 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 give | punct |
| 34 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 38 give | mark |
| 35 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 give | nsubj |
| 36 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 give | aux |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 give | advmod |
| 38 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 wrote | conj |
| 39 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 give | iobj |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 me | case |
| 41 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 give | obl |
| 42 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 45 will | mark |
| 43 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 good | nmod:poss |
| 44 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 will | obl |
| 45 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 give | advcl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 take | punct |
| 47 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 49 take | nsubj |
| 48 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 take | aux |
| 49 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 began | parataxis |
| 50 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 take | obj |
| 51 | by | by | ADP | _ | 52 force | case |
| 52 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 take | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 49 take | punct |
| 54 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the son of the King of the Arabs | soon property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | gerund | the son of the King of the Arabs not said here | for the hand of the youngest daughter | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | write | past | King | the King | with threats such this | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to king=Recipient | |||
| 4 | not give a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present · do-support | you | daughter | to the son of the King of the Arabs = son | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Theme to i=Recipient | |||
| 5 | take in a quote | future | the son of the King of the Arabs = son | daughter | by force | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument she=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/104/