Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 124
He leapt into the open field, sent away his good horse, turned back home, put on the bladder and the bull’s hide, and began to walk about in the garden, as before, just like a scarecrow.
Who acts: Donotknow, open field · What happens: leapt, send away, turn back, put, begin, walk · To what, where: open field, good horse, bladder, garden
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Donotknow, open field), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 leapt | nsubj |
| 2 | leapt | leapt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 field | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 field | det |
| 5 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 field | amod |
| 6 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leapt | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sent | punct |
| 8 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 field | acl |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 8 sent | advmod |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 horse | nmod:poss |
| 11 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 horse | amod |
| 12 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sent | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 turned | punct |
| 14 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leapt | parataxis |
| 15 | back | back | ADV | _ | 16 home | advmod |
| 16 | home | home | ADV | _ | 14 turned | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 put | punct |
| 18 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 turned | conj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 bladder | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bladder | det |
| 21 | bladder | bladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 put | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 hide | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 bull | det |
| 24 | bull | bull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 hide | nmod:poss |
| 25 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 24 bull | case |
| 26 | hide | hide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 put | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 began | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 began | cc |
| 29 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leapt | conj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 walk | mark |
| 31 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 began | xcomp |
| 32 | about | about | ADV | _ | 31 walk | advmod |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 garden | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 garden | det |
| 35 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 walk | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 before | punct |
| 37 | as | as | ADP | _ | 38 before | case |
| 38 | before | before | ADV | _ | 29 began | advmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 scarecrow | punct |
| 40 | just | just | ADV | _ | 43 scarecrow | advmod |
| 41 | like | like | ADP | _ | 43 scarecrow | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 scarecrow | det |
| 43 | scarecrow | scarecrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 began | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 leapt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leapt | past | Donotknow | the open field | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | send away | participle | the open field not said here | Donotknow's good horse | away property | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | |||
| 3 | turn back | past | home property | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | put | participle | the bladder | the bull's hide conj | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on bladder=Destination | ||||
| 5 | begin | past | Donotknow not said here | like a scarecrow; before property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | walk | to-infinitive | Donotknow not said here | the garden | about property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in garden=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/124/