Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 41
Iván the merchant’s son never let his stepmother know that he saw through her spite, and set out next day to the shop, whilst the stepmother went to see the soothsayer.
Who acts: Iván son, stepmother, son · What happens: not let, know, see, set out, go, spite · To what, where: spite, shop, soothsayer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván son, stepmother, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 son | compound |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 merchant | det |
| 3 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 son | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 3 merchant | case |
| 5 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 let | nsubj |
| 6 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 7 let | advmod |
| 7 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 stepmother | nmod:poss |
| 9 | stepmother | stepmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 know | nsubj |
| 10 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 let | ccomp |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 saw | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 saw | nsubj |
| 13 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 know | ccomp |
| 14 | through | through | ADP | _ | 16 spite | case |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 spite | nmod:poss |
| 16 | spite | spite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 saw | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 set | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 set | cc |
| 19 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 let | conj |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 set | compound:prt |
| 21 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 day | amod |
| 22 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 set | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 shop | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 shop | det |
| 25 | shop | shop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 set | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 went | punct |
| 27 | whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 30 went | mark |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 stepmother | det |
| 29 | stepmother | stepmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 went | nsubj |
| 30 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 set | conj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 see | mark |
| 32 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 went | xcomp |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 soothsayer | det |
| 34 | soothsayer | soothsayer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 see | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 let | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not let | infinitive | the merchant's Iván son | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | know | present | son's stepmother | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | see | past | son | stepmother's spite | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | set out | infinitive | the merchant's Iván son not said here | the shop | day | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to shop=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | go | past | the stepmother | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | see | to-infinitive | the stepmother not said here | the soothsayer | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer soothsayer=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | spite | stepmother | nom spite «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/41/